A widely used encryption algorithm based on a public-private key pair.
RSA is an asymmetric encryption algorithm that uses two keys: a public key (shared openly) and a private key (kept secret). Data encrypted with the public key can only be decrypted with the private key, and vice versa.
RSA is used in SSH key pairs, SSL/TLS certificates (the encryption behind HTTPS), and digital signatures. When you generate an SSH key with ssh-keygen, you're creating an RSA (or Ed25519) key pair. The public key goes on the server or GitHub, and the private key stays on your computer.
RSA is considered secure because factoring very large numbers is computationally infeasible. Key sizes of 2048 or 4096 bits are standard today.
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